"Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
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Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
Бележки към ГЛАВА 6
1. Bertand Russell, Why I Am Not a Christian (London, 1976), pp.22-23.
2. John F. Walvoord, “The Literal View,” in Four Views on Hell, ed.William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), p. 12.
3. Clark H. Pinnock, “Response to John F. Walvoord,” in Four Views on Hell, Ed., William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), p. 39.
4. For a concise but compelling presentation of the metaphorical view of hell, see William V. Crockett, “The Metaphorical View,” in Four Views of Hell, ed. William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), pp. 43-81.
5. Ibid., pp. 46-47.
6. Jonathan Edwards, in John Gerstner, Jonathan Edwards on Heaven and Hell (Grand Rapids, 1980), p. 56.
7. As cited by Fred Carl Kuehner, “Heaven or Hell?” in Fundamentals of the Faith, ed. Carl F. H. Henry (Grand Rapids, 1975), p. 239.
8. Robert A. Peterson, Hell on Trial! The Case for Eternal Punishment (Phillipsburg, New Jersey, 1995), pp. 200-201.
9. See, for example, John F. Walvoord (note 2), pp. 11-31; Robert A. Morey, Death and the Afterlife (Minneapolis, 1984), pp. 100-172; E. B. Pusey, What Is the Faith as to Eternal Punishment? (Oxford, 1880).
10. R. N. Whybray, Isaiah 40-66, New Century Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids, 1975), p. 293.
11. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 32. See also Harry Buis, The Doctrine of Eternal Punishment (Philadelphia, 1957), p. 13.
12. Edward W. Fudge, The Fire That Consumes. A Biblical and Historical Study of the Final Punishment (Houston, 1982), p. 112.
13. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 36.
14. André Lacoque, The Book of Daniel (Atlanta, 1979), p. 241.
15. Emmanuel Petavel, The Problem of Immortality (London, 1892), p. 323.
16. The quotations from the Apocrypha are from R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English (Oxford,1913), vol. 1.
17. Josephus, War of the Jews 2, 9, 11, cited from Josephus Complete Works, trans. William Whiston (Grand Rapids, 1974), p. 478.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. The text of the Dead Sea Scrolls is cited from André Dupont- Sommer, ed., The Essene Writings from Qumran, trans. G. Vermes (New York, 1962).
21. Emphasis supplied. References to the final destruction of the wicked are found throughout the Dead Sea Scrolls. For other texts and discussion, see Edward Fudge (note 12), pp. 136-140.
22. Kenneth Kantzer, “Troublesome Questions,” Christianity Today (March 20, 1987), p. 45. Similarly, W. T. G. Shedd writes: “The strongest support of the doctrine of Endless Punishment is the teaching of Christ, the Redeemer of man. Though the doctrine is plainly taught in the Pauline Epistles, and other parts of Scripture, yet without the explicit and reiterated statements of God incarnate, it is doubtful whether so awful a truth would have had such a conspicuous place as it always has had in the creeds of Christendom. . . . Christ could not have warned men so frequently and earnestly as He did against ‘the fire that never shall be quenched,’ and ‘the worm that dieth not,’ had He known that there is no future peril to fully correspond to them” (Dogmatic Theology [New York, 1888], pp. 665-666).
23. Leon Morris, “The Dreadful Harvest,” Christianity Today (May 27, 1991), p. 34.
25. “Hell,” Protestant Dictionary, ed. Charles Sydney and G. E. Alison Weeks (London, 1933), p. 287.
26. Josephus, War of the Jews 6, 8, 5; 5, 12, 7.
27. Edward W. Fudge (note 12), p. 161.
28. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 44.
29. Emphasis supplied.
30. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 47.
31. John Stott and David L. Edwards, Essentials: A Liberal-Evangelical Dialogue (London, 1988), p. 316.
32. R. V. G. Tasker, The Gospel According St. Matthew. An Intro duction and Commentar (Grand Rapids, 1963), p. 240.
33. Emphasis supplied.
34. John Stott (note 31), p. 317.
35. Basil F. C. Atkinson, Life and Immortality. An Examination of the Nature and Meaning of Life and Death as They Are Revealed in the Scriptures (Taunton, England, n. d.), p. 101.
36. Emphasis supplied.
37. Anthony A. Hoekema, The Bible and the Future (Grand Rapids,1979), p. 270.
38. Harry Buis, The Doctrine of Eternal Punishment (Philadelphia, 1957), p. 49.
39. Emphasis supplied.
40. Emphasis supplied.
41. Edward W. Fudge (note 12), p.172.
42. See, for example, Robert A. Peterson (note , pp. 78-79.
43. Ibid., p. 88.
44. Robert A. Morey, Death and the Afterlife (Minneapolis, 1984), p. 144. The same view is expressed by Harry Buis, who wrote: “These passages from the epistles and Revelation give evidence that the apostles follow their Master in teaching the serious alternatives of life. They teach clearly the fact of judgment, resulting in eternal life or eternal death, which is not cessation of existence, but rather an existence in which the lost experience the terrible results of sins. They teach that this existence is endless” (note 38, p. 48).
45. J. P. M. Sweet, Revelation (Philadelphia, 1979), p. 228.
46. Emphasis supplied.
47. Harold E. Guillebaud, The Righteous Judge: A Study of the Biblical Doctrine of Everlasting Punishment (Taunton, England, n. d.), p. 24.
48. John F. Walvoord (note 2), p. 23.
49. George Eldon Ladd, A Commentary on the Revelation of John (Grand Rapids, 1979), p. 270.
50. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 90.
51. As cited by J. Massyngberde Ford, Revelation, Introduction, Translation and Commentary, The Anchor Bible (New York, 1975), p. 393.
52. M. McNamara, The New Testament and the Palestinian Targum to the Pentateuch ( New York, 1958), p. 117.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid., p. 123.
55. Ibid.
56. Robert H. Mounce, The Book of Revelation (Grand Rapids, 1977), p. 367.
57. Henry Alford, Apocalypse of John in The Greek Testament (Chicago, 1958), Vol. 4, pp. 735-736.
58. Billy Graham, “There is a Real Hell,” Decision 25 (July-August 1984), p. 2. Elsewhere Graham asks: “Could it be that the fire Jesus talked about is an eternal search for God that is never quenched? That, indeed, would be hell. To be away from God forever, separated from His Presence” (in The Challenge: Sermons from Madison Square Garden [Garden City, New York, 1969], p. 75).
59. William V. Crockett (note 4), p. 43.
60. Ibid., p. 44.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid., p. 59.
63. Ibid., p. 60.
64. The statement is from Professor Coleman-Norton at Princeton University and quoted by Bruce M. Metzger, in “Literary and Canonical Pseudepigrapha,” Journal of Biblical Literature 91 (1972), p. 3.
65. William V. Crockett (note 4), p. 61.
66. Jacques Ellul, Apocalypse, The Book of Revelation (New York, 1977), p. 212.
67. See, Arthur W. Pink, Eternal Punishment (Swengel, Pennsylvania, n.d.), p. 2; William Hendricksen, The Bible on the Life Hereafter (Grand Rapids, 1963), p. 188.
68. J. I. Packer, “Evangelicals and the Way of Salvation: New Challenges to the Gospel—Universalism and Justification by Faith,” in Evangelical Affirmations, ed. K. S. Kantzer and Carl F. H. Henry (Grand Rapids, 1990), p. 126.
69. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), p.161.
70. Ibid., p. 162.
71. John Stott (note 31), pp. 319-320.
72. Ibid., pp. 314-315.
73. James D. G. Dunn, “Paul’s Understanding of the Death of Jesus,” in Reconciliation and Hope: New Testament Essays on Atonement and Eschatology, ed. Robert Banks (Grand Rapids, 1974), p. 136.
74. For a study of the typology of the Day of Atonement and its antitypical fulfillment, see Samuele Bacchiocchi, God’s Festivals. Part 2: The Fall Festivals (Berrien Springs, 1996), pp. 127-205.
75. Leon Morris, The Cross in the New Testament (Grand Rapids, 1965), p. 47.
76. Basil F. C. Atkinson (note 35), p. 103.
77. For an analysis of this argument, see Edward W. Fudge (note 12), pp. 232-233.
78. Edward White, Life of Christ: A Study of the Scripture Doctrine on the Nature of Man, the Object of the Divine Incarnation, and the Condition of Human Immortality (London, 1878), p. 241.
79. Basil F. C. Atkinson (note 35), pp. 85-86.
80. John Stott (note 31), p. 315.
81. Ibid., p. 316.
82. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), p. 147.
83. Ibid., pp. 149-150.
84. Clark H. Pinnock, “The Destruction of the Finally Impenitent,” Criswell Theological Review 4, n. 2 (1990), p. 247.
85. John Hick, Death and Eternal Life (New York,1976), pp. 199, 201.
86. As cited by Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church (Grand Rapids, 1958), Vol. 8, p. 782.
87. Ibid., p. 785.
88. Ibid., p. 786.
89. John Stott (note 31), pp. 318-319.
90. John Hick (note 85), p. 201.
91. Harry Buis, “Everlasting Punishment,” The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible (Grand Rapids, 1978), Vol. 4, p. 956.
92. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), pp. 152-153.
93. Hans Küng, Eternal Life, Life after Death as a Medical, Philosophical, and Theological Problem (New York, 1984), p. 137.
94. Ellen G. White, The Desire of Ages (Mountain View, California, 1950), p. 638.
95. John Stott (note 31), p. 319.
96. Ibid
1. Bertand Russell, Why I Am Not a Christian (London, 1976), pp.22-23.
2. John F. Walvoord, “The Literal View,” in Four Views on Hell, ed.William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), p. 12.
3. Clark H. Pinnock, “Response to John F. Walvoord,” in Four Views on Hell, Ed., William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), p. 39.
4. For a concise but compelling presentation of the metaphorical view of hell, see William V. Crockett, “The Metaphorical View,” in Four Views of Hell, ed. William Crockett (Grand Rapids, 1992), pp. 43-81.
5. Ibid., pp. 46-47.
6. Jonathan Edwards, in John Gerstner, Jonathan Edwards on Heaven and Hell (Grand Rapids, 1980), p. 56.
7. As cited by Fred Carl Kuehner, “Heaven or Hell?” in Fundamentals of the Faith, ed. Carl F. H. Henry (Grand Rapids, 1975), p. 239.
8. Robert A. Peterson, Hell on Trial! The Case for Eternal Punishment (Phillipsburg, New Jersey, 1995), pp. 200-201.
9. See, for example, John F. Walvoord (note 2), pp. 11-31; Robert A. Morey, Death and the Afterlife (Minneapolis, 1984), pp. 100-172; E. B. Pusey, What Is the Faith as to Eternal Punishment? (Oxford, 1880).
10. R. N. Whybray, Isaiah 40-66, New Century Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids, 1975), p. 293.
11. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 32. See also Harry Buis, The Doctrine of Eternal Punishment (Philadelphia, 1957), p. 13.
12. Edward W. Fudge, The Fire That Consumes. A Biblical and Historical Study of the Final Punishment (Houston, 1982), p. 112.
13. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 36.
14. André Lacoque, The Book of Daniel (Atlanta, 1979), p. 241.
15. Emmanuel Petavel, The Problem of Immortality (London, 1892), p. 323.
16. The quotations from the Apocrypha are from R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English (Oxford,1913), vol. 1.
17. Josephus, War of the Jews 2, 9, 11, cited from Josephus Complete Works, trans. William Whiston (Grand Rapids, 1974), p. 478.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. The text of the Dead Sea Scrolls is cited from André Dupont- Sommer, ed., The Essene Writings from Qumran, trans. G. Vermes (New York, 1962).
21. Emphasis supplied. References to the final destruction of the wicked are found throughout the Dead Sea Scrolls. For other texts and discussion, see Edward Fudge (note 12), pp. 136-140.
22. Kenneth Kantzer, “Troublesome Questions,” Christianity Today (March 20, 1987), p. 45. Similarly, W. T. G. Shedd writes: “The strongest support of the doctrine of Endless Punishment is the teaching of Christ, the Redeemer of man. Though the doctrine is plainly taught in the Pauline Epistles, and other parts of Scripture, yet without the explicit and reiterated statements of God incarnate, it is doubtful whether so awful a truth would have had such a conspicuous place as it always has had in the creeds of Christendom. . . . Christ could not have warned men so frequently and earnestly as He did against ‘the fire that never shall be quenched,’ and ‘the worm that dieth not,’ had He known that there is no future peril to fully correspond to them” (Dogmatic Theology [New York, 1888], pp. 665-666).
23. Leon Morris, “The Dreadful Harvest,” Christianity Today (May 27, 1991), p. 34.
25. “Hell,” Protestant Dictionary, ed. Charles Sydney and G. E. Alison Weeks (London, 1933), p. 287.
26. Josephus, War of the Jews 6, 8, 5; 5, 12, 7.
27. Edward W. Fudge (note 12), p. 161.
28. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 44.
29. Emphasis supplied.
30. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 47.
31. John Stott and David L. Edwards, Essentials: A Liberal-Evangelical Dialogue (London, 1988), p. 316.
32. R. V. G. Tasker, The Gospel According St. Matthew. An Intro duction and Commentar (Grand Rapids, 1963), p. 240.
33. Emphasis supplied.
34. John Stott (note 31), p. 317.
35. Basil F. C. Atkinson, Life and Immortality. An Examination of the Nature and Meaning of Life and Death as They Are Revealed in the Scriptures (Taunton, England, n. d.), p. 101.
36. Emphasis supplied.
37. Anthony A. Hoekema, The Bible and the Future (Grand Rapids,1979), p. 270.
38. Harry Buis, The Doctrine of Eternal Punishment (Philadelphia, 1957), p. 49.
39. Emphasis supplied.
40. Emphasis supplied.
41. Edward W. Fudge (note 12), p.172.
42. See, for example, Robert A. Peterson (note , pp. 78-79.
43. Ibid., p. 88.
44. Robert A. Morey, Death and the Afterlife (Minneapolis, 1984), p. 144. The same view is expressed by Harry Buis, who wrote: “These passages from the epistles and Revelation give evidence that the apostles follow their Master in teaching the serious alternatives of life. They teach clearly the fact of judgment, resulting in eternal life or eternal death, which is not cessation of existence, but rather an existence in which the lost experience the terrible results of sins. They teach that this existence is endless” (note 38, p. 48).
45. J. P. M. Sweet, Revelation (Philadelphia, 1979), p. 228.
46. Emphasis supplied.
47. Harold E. Guillebaud, The Righteous Judge: A Study of the Biblical Doctrine of Everlasting Punishment (Taunton, England, n. d.), p. 24.
48. John F. Walvoord (note 2), p. 23.
49. George Eldon Ladd, A Commentary on the Revelation of John (Grand Rapids, 1979), p. 270.
50. Robert A. Peterson (note , p. 90.
51. As cited by J. Massyngberde Ford, Revelation, Introduction, Translation and Commentary, The Anchor Bible (New York, 1975), p. 393.
52. M. McNamara, The New Testament and the Palestinian Targum to the Pentateuch ( New York, 1958), p. 117.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid., p. 123.
55. Ibid.
56. Robert H. Mounce, The Book of Revelation (Grand Rapids, 1977), p. 367.
57. Henry Alford, Apocalypse of John in The Greek Testament (Chicago, 1958), Vol. 4, pp. 735-736.
58. Billy Graham, “There is a Real Hell,” Decision 25 (July-August 1984), p. 2. Elsewhere Graham asks: “Could it be that the fire Jesus talked about is an eternal search for God that is never quenched? That, indeed, would be hell. To be away from God forever, separated from His Presence” (in The Challenge: Sermons from Madison Square Garden [Garden City, New York, 1969], p. 75).
59. William V. Crockett (note 4), p. 43.
60. Ibid., p. 44.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid., p. 59.
63. Ibid., p. 60.
64. The statement is from Professor Coleman-Norton at Princeton University and quoted by Bruce M. Metzger, in “Literary and Canonical Pseudepigrapha,” Journal of Biblical Literature 91 (1972), p. 3.
65. William V. Crockett (note 4), p. 61.
66. Jacques Ellul, Apocalypse, The Book of Revelation (New York, 1977), p. 212.
67. See, Arthur W. Pink, Eternal Punishment (Swengel, Pennsylvania, n.d.), p. 2; William Hendricksen, The Bible on the Life Hereafter (Grand Rapids, 1963), p. 188.
68. J. I. Packer, “Evangelicals and the Way of Salvation: New Challenges to the Gospel—Universalism and Justification by Faith,” in Evangelical Affirmations, ed. K. S. Kantzer and Carl F. H. Henry (Grand Rapids, 1990), p. 126.
69. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), p.161.
70. Ibid., p. 162.
71. John Stott (note 31), pp. 319-320.
72. Ibid., pp. 314-315.
73. James D. G. Dunn, “Paul’s Understanding of the Death of Jesus,” in Reconciliation and Hope: New Testament Essays on Atonement and Eschatology, ed. Robert Banks (Grand Rapids, 1974), p. 136.
74. For a study of the typology of the Day of Atonement and its antitypical fulfillment, see Samuele Bacchiocchi, God’s Festivals. Part 2: The Fall Festivals (Berrien Springs, 1996), pp. 127-205.
75. Leon Morris, The Cross in the New Testament (Grand Rapids, 1965), p. 47.
76. Basil F. C. Atkinson (note 35), p. 103.
77. For an analysis of this argument, see Edward W. Fudge (note 12), pp. 232-233.
78. Edward White, Life of Christ: A Study of the Scripture Doctrine on the Nature of Man, the Object of the Divine Incarnation, and the Condition of Human Immortality (London, 1878), p. 241.
79. Basil F. C. Atkinson (note 35), pp. 85-86.
80. John Stott (note 31), p. 315.
81. Ibid., p. 316.
82. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), p. 147.
83. Ibid., pp. 149-150.
84. Clark H. Pinnock, “The Destruction of the Finally Impenitent,” Criswell Theological Review 4, n. 2 (1990), p. 247.
85. John Hick, Death and Eternal Life (New York,1976), pp. 199, 201.
86. As cited by Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church (Grand Rapids, 1958), Vol. 8, p. 782.
87. Ibid., p. 785.
88. Ibid., p. 786.
89. John Stott (note 31), pp. 318-319.
90. John Hick (note 85), p. 201.
91. Harry Buis, “Everlasting Punishment,” The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible (Grand Rapids, 1978), Vol. 4, p. 956.
92. Clark H. Pinnock (note 3), pp. 152-153.
93. Hans Küng, Eternal Life, Life after Death as a Medical, Philosophical, and Theological Problem (New York, 1984), p. 137.
94. Ellen G. White, The Desire of Ages (Mountain View, California, 1950), p. 638.
95. John Stott (note 31), p. 319.
96. Ibid
Гостин- Гостин
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
И се заблагодарувам на Естер за преводот од англиски јазик, и дозволата текстот да биде поставен на нашиот форум...
Гостин- Гостин
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
Многу утешително четиво Естир. Благодарност и од мене.
Гостин- Гостин
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
mumley напиша:Многу утешително четиво Естир. Благодарност и од мене.
Няма за какво.
С удоволствие го споделих, като повдигна въпроса. Отвращавам се, когато на нашия Бог вменяват собствените си садистични фантазии, вбесявам се, когато се опитват да плашат хората с такива хоръри.
Но и недоумявам (както и авторът на книгата): как успяват да вярват на такъв Бог, когото си представят като чудовище, ненаситно на човешко страдание? Как съвместяват представата, която ни дава Писанието: "Бог е любов" с подобни извратености?
Как обичат такъв Бог?!
Естир- Број на мислења : 846
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Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
Најверојатно погрешно ги научиле Естир. Или како што велиш ти, тоа е плод на нивните фантазии. Мислам дека во овој случај, тие на бог му припишуваат човечки особини, кои не се во склад со божјата природа. Иако отсекогаш бог докажувал дека неговите и човечките мерила не се исти.
ПС. Среќен празник...
ПС. Среќен празник...
Гостин- Гостин
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
mumley напиша:ПС. Среќен празник...
Благодаря!
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Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
Не съм запознат с писанията на тази тема, но си мисля, че повод за понижаването на ролята на жената спрямо мъжа през вековете иде от грехопадението и по-точно от съблазанта, на която Ева не е устояла, пък и на всичко отгоре - подмамила и наш Адам.
kiBik- Број на мислења : 2537
Join date : 2015-01-16
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
Zoshto li mi se chini, deka vo sluchajov, Adam ispadnal glup ???
Гостин- Гостин
Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
kiBik напиша:Не съм запознат с писанията на тази тема, но си мисля, че повод за понижаването на ролята на жената спрямо мъжа през вековете иде от грехопадението и по-точно от съблазанта, на която Ева не е устояла, пък и на всичко отгоре - подмамила и наш Адам.
Поводът наистина е този, съвсем прав си....но неправилно и несправедливо разчетен.
Затва и в средните векове, че и сетне....вещица, че и отровна твар, че изчадие сатанинско...
Ваша милост, Адам.... да не се е подмамвал, ами да е слушал Бог и да е мислил, щото и на двамата е казано: "не пипайте, смърт е".
Пък после, и на жертва се е правил пред Бог, позволявайки си и рекламация на Ева - "ми то, тва същество, дето ми си го дал, то ме подмами, та ядох".
Естир- Број на мислења : 846
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Re: "Адът: вечни мъки или унищожение?"
kiBik напиша: и по-точно от съблазанта
Само да добавя, че право в десетката си уцелил, що се отнася до (струва ми се) причината, а не повода, да бъде низвергната жената (и не само тя).
В средните векове.....бива не само вещица (достатъчно е да е красива и умна, това задължително я прави вещица), но отровна гад, отровата й, казват достопочтените, мрачни ортодоксални и святи отци, е по-силна от отрова на змии и дракони и затва...ма хич нищо общо с такова създание не трябва да имат.
По същия начин се отнасят към поезия, песни трубадурски и даже...инструментали, на които хич не дават място в църквата.
Та....общото между всичко изброено, мисля си, е неговата красота....сиреч: императивна съблазнителност! На която не могат да устоят иначе пресветите, целомъдрени отци в мрачната им, достопочтена сериозност....как не са си намерили и гумичка за Песента на песните... се чудя (но пък какво да се чудя, като Писанието е било недостъпно за обикновените миряни, та да четат подобни скверности.
То, няма особена разлика....от средните векове до ден днешен във всякоя клерикалност, от най-православна до най-правоверна и най-протестантска тям.
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